The Muslim period of 600 to 1600 AD in the history of chemistry and is known as the time of the alchemists. in the Middle Ages, the chemistry was working on a jet. In the early centuries of the Hijra, the contribution of Muslim scholars of the rich to the various branches of science, especially in chemistry and introduced the scientific method and experimentation. of modern scientific knowledge is based on the contributions of Muslim scholars is based.
The Alchemistdeveloped and used a lot of lab equipment such as hoppers, hammers, crucibles for melting and fusion for the Distillation retorts, scales for weighing, etc. They found various acids, alcohols and drugs.
The Muslim
Jabir Ibne-Haiyan (721-803 AD), universally known as the father of alchemy, invented the experimental methods for the production of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and lead white. He also developed methods for extracting metals from their ores and dying cloth.
Al-Razi(862-930 AD) was a German physician, alchemist and philosopher. He was an expert surgeon and was the first to use opium as an anesthetic. He said that the substances in living and non living roots, which was later adopted by Berzellius in 1806 to classify chemicals according to their origins, such as organic and inorganic compounds of Al-Razi ethyl alcohol produced by fermentation.
Al-Beruni (973-1048 AD) contributed greatly in the field of physics, metaphysics, mathematics, geography andHistory. in chemistry, has determined the density of various substances.
Ibne-Sina (980-1037 AD) was famous for his contribution in the field of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemistry, philosophy, mathematics and astronomy.
These Muslims were alchemists looking for a way to extend the life and non-precious metals such as lead, copper, convert to interest in gold. Despite their efforts were in vain, but his research led to the discovery of many substances and laid theBasic chemistry. By the end of the sixteenth and sulpheric, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, silver nitrate, etc. were discovered. Chemists of that time devoted their energies, however, especially the production of medicines for the use of drugs.
The Muslim period
ไม่มีความคิดเห็น:
แสดงความคิดเห็น